Author(s):
Dipasri Saha¹

Author Affiliation:
¹Assistant Professor, Kolkata, India

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

The conventional energy resources are exhausting rapidly to meet the ever increasing demand of exponentially rising global population. In this present scenario researchers are finding out the way to slow down the quick depletion of earth energy and this effort has opened up the era of green energy or non-conventional energy or renewable energy. There are various types of renewable source of energy like wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy etc. Among these non-conventional energy resources the Sun is the foremost resource of the renewable energies. Solar energy has become popular across the world from rural area to country side because it is abundant in nature, requires little maintenance, and causes no noise and pollution. There are various ways to convert solar energy into electric energy such as solar thermal, solar pond, photovoltaic effect. Solar cell is a device which converts solar energy into electric energy using photovoltaic effect and it is represented by a current source in parallel with a diode. Assemble of photovoltaic cell construct the solar module. Although solar cell was expensive at the beginning, it is considered that solar power systems can compete with the fossil fuel systems due to the development of the semiconductor technology and manufacturing process. The installation cost of solar system is high. Moreover the power-voltage characteristic is non-linear in nature and drifts with temperature, irradiation, building material of solar cell and delivers maximum power output at a specific operating point called maximum power point. So under this fast varying operating condition a fast converging Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique (MPPT) is required to ensure minimum power losses. Till date a number of MPPT has been proposed and implemented to optimize the cost of generation of solar electricity. These MPPT techniques vary in terms of implementation complexity, speed of operation, convergence under abrupt atmospheric condition, efficiency or accuracy. In this paper Biogeography Based Optimization algorithm has been simulated to obtain Maximum Power Point on PV characteristic.

KEYWORDS:
Maximum power point tracking; solar; biogeography based optimization (BBO)